Visualize one value per region of the subcortical atlas of a subject.

Render the subcortical structures of a subject and assign one color per structure, based on one value per atlas region. The subcortical atlas is not defined on the cortical surface: it comes with its own surface mesh that contains the 8 subcortical structures per hemisphere (accumbens area, amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, pallidum, putamen, thalamus and lateral ventricle). The mesh and the annotation file are expected in the subject directory ('surf/lh.subcortical', 'surf/rh.subcortical', 'label/lh.subcortical.annot', 'label/rh.subcortical.annot').

The atlas files for the fsaverage template subject are not part of FreeSurfer and are not required for the package to work. They can be downloaded with download_optional_data or download_fsaverage_atlases into the package cache, which is searched for a subject named 'fsaverage' by default.

Optionally, the structures can be rendered inside a semi-transparent context mesh, typically the cortex of the same subject (see parameter 'cortex'). Note that the context mesh and the atlas mesh must be defined in the same coordinate space, which is why both are taken from the same subject by default.

Usage

vis.subcortical.region.values(
  subjects_dir = NULL,
  subject_id = "fsaverage",
  lh_region_value_list,
  rh_region_value_list,
  atlas = "subcortical",
  surface = "subcortical",
  cortex = NULL,
  views = c("sd_lateral_lh", "sd_medial_lh", "sd_lateral_rh", "sd_medial_rh"),
  rgloptions = rglo(),
  rglactions = list(),
  value_for_unlisted_regions = NA,
  draw_colorbar = FALSE,
  makecmap_options = mkco.seq(),
  style = "default",
  silent = FALSE
)

Arguments

subjects_dir: string or NULL. The FreeSurfer SUBJECTS_DIR, i.e., a directory containing the data for all your subjects, each in a subdir named after the subject identifier. If NULL, the locations searched by find.subjectsdir.of (package cache and FreeSurfer/SUBJECTS_DIR configuration) are checked for one that contains the atlas files, and the first such location is used.
subject_id: string. The subject identifier. Defaults to 'fsaverage', the template subject for which the subcortical atlas is available for download.
lh_region_value_list: named list. A list for the left hemisphere in which the names are atlas regions, and the values are the value to write to all vertices of that region, see vis.region.values.on.subject. Use NaN as the value of a region to hide it completely: the vertices of that region are removed from the mesh and it is not rendered at all, see the 'details' section.
rh_region_value_list: named list, the same for the right hemisphere.
atlas: string. The name of the atlas to use. Defaults to 'subcortical', the subcortical atlas that ships with the package. Used to construct the annotation file name.
surface: string. The name of the surface mesh that belongs to the atlas. Defaults to 'subcortical'. Used to construct the surface file name, in contrast to the other vis functions this is not a cortical surface.
cortex: NULL or the definition of a context mesh to render the structures in, typically a semi-transparent cortex of the same subject. Supported values are a character string (the surface name, e.g., 'white' or 'pial'), a named list of options for the context mesh (entries 'surface', 'color', 'alpha', 'style', 'subjects_dir' and 'subject_id'), an coloredmesh.from.color instance, or a hemilist of such instances. Use NULL to render the structures without any context.
views: list of strings. The views to render. Defaults to lateral and medial views of both hemispheres. See get.view.angle.names for valid entries.
rgloptions: option list passed to par3d. Example: rgloptions = list("windowRect"=c(50,50,1000,1000)).
rglactions: named list. A list in which the names are from a set of pre-defined actions, see rglactions. Note that the action 'shift_hemis_apart' is not supported here: the structures of a mesh atlas are rendered in their anatomical position.
value_for_unlisted_regions: numerical scalar or NA, the value to assign to regions which do not occur in the region value lists, see vis.region.values.on.subject. Set this to NaN to hide all regions that are not listed explicitly.
draw_colorbar: logical. Whether to draw a colorbar. Defaults to FALSE, see coloredmesh.plot.colorbar.separate for a better looking alternative.
makecmap_options: named list of parameters to pass to makecmap. Must not include the unnamed first parameter, which is derived from the data.
style: a rendering style for the data meshes, see get.rglstyle. Defaults to 'default'. The context mesh defined via parameter 'cortex' has its own style, see there.
silent: logical, whether to suppress messages.

Value

list of coloredmeshes. The coloredmeshes used for the visualization, invisibly. The list contains the data meshes (and the context meshes, if any) as a flat list, so it can be passed to export to save the rendered views into an image file.

Note

The subcortical atlas is defined in MNI305 space (fsaverage surface RAS), so it can be combined with the cortical surfaces of the fsaverage template subject. The 8 structures per hemisphere are colored with the standard FreeSurfer 'aseg' colors when you visualize the atlas itself, this function assigns data-driven colors instead. Region names are the FreeSurfer 'aseg' structure names, e.g., 'Left-Hippocampus' or 'Right-Thalamus-Proper'.

This function is not limited to the subcortical atlas: any atlas that comes with its own mesh and annotation files works, pass the respective names via parameters 'atlas' and 'surface'.

Hiding regions

Assigning the value NaN to a region hides it: the vertices of the region are removed from the mesh (together with the faces that use them), so the structure is not rendered at all, in contrast to drawing it in the color that represents missing data. This is a per-vertex operation on the shared mesh of all regions of a hemisphere, so hiding is not limited to entire meshes and can be combined with any rendering style.

The values of hidden regions are excluded from the colorbar range, just like NA values. Setting value_for_unlisted_regions = NaN hides all regions that are not listed in the region value lists, which is a convenient way of visualizing only a few structures of an atlas.

Examples

if (FALSE) { # \dontrun{
   fsbrain::download_optional_data();   # includes the subcortical atlas for fsaverage
   subjects_dir = fsbrain::get_optional_data_filepath("subjects_dir");

   # One value per region, for all 8 subcortical structures of the left and right hemisphere.
   lh_region_values = list("Left-Accumbens-area"=0.1, "Left-Amygdala"=0.2,
    "Left-Caudate"=0.3, "Left-Hippocampus"=0.4, "Left-Pallidum"=0.5,
    "Left-Putamen"=0.6, "Left-Thalamus-Proper"=0.7, "Left-Lateral-Ventricle"=0.8);
   rh_region_values = list("Right-Accumbens-area"=0.1, "Right-Amygdala"=0.2,
    "Right-Caudate"=0.3, "Right-Hippocampus"=0.4, "Right-Pallidum"=0.5,
    "Right-Putamen"=0.6, "Right-Thalamus-Proper"=0.7, "Right-Lateral-Ventricle"=0.8);

   # Render the structures on their own, and save the result to a file:
   cm = vis.subcortical.region.values(subjects_dir, "fsaverage", lh_region_values,
    rh_region_values, rglactions = list("no_vis" = TRUE));
   export(cm, colorbar_legend = "my values", output_img = "subcortical.png");

   # Render the structures inside a semi-transparent cortex:
   cm_ctx = vis.subcortical.region.values(subjects_dir, "fsaverage", lh_region_values,
    rh_region_values, cortex = "white", rglactions = list("no_vis" = TRUE));
   export(cm_ctx, colorbar_legend = "my values", output_img = "subcortical_in_cortex.png");

   # Visualize only the two hippocampi, by hiding all other regions (they are set to NaN):
   cm_hippo = vis.subcortical.region.values(subjects_dir, "fsaverage",
    list("Left-Hippocampus" = 0.2), list("Right-Hippocampus" = 0.8),
    value_for_unlisted_regions = NaN, rglactions = list("no_vis" = TRUE));
   export(cm_hippo, colorbar_legend = "my values", output_img = "subcortical_hippocampi.png");
} # }